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Menampilkan postingan yang diurutkan menurut relevansi untuk kueri sustainable growth. Urutkan menurut tanggal Tampilkan semua postingan
Menampilkan postingan yang diurutkan menurut relevansi untuk kueri sustainable growth. Urutkan menurut tanggal Tampilkan semua postingan

Aid and Sustainable Growth

Dambisa Moyo in the WSJ:

Few will deny that there is a clear moral imperative for humanitarian and charity-based aid to step in when necessary, such as during the 2004 tsunami in Asia. Nevertheless, it's worth reminding ourselves what emergency and charity-based aid can and cannot do. Aid-supported scholarships have certainly helped send African girls to school (never mind that they won't be able to find a job in their own countries once they have graduated). This kind of aid can provide band-aid solutions to alleviate immediate suffering, but by its very nature cannot be the platform for long-term sustainable growth...[continue reading]

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Getting Resource Extraction Right

Paul Collier writes in ANSA:

...as the radically different trajectories of Botswana and Sierra Leone illustrate, growth based on resource exports is critically dependent upon the quality of public choices. A long chain of decisions has to be got right, not just once but repeatedly for a generation. The upstream part of the decision chain involves reconciling strong incentives for prospecting with capturing as much as possible of the resource rents for society. This requires overcoming acute problems of agency, of time-inconsistency, and of asymmetric information. As the Niger Delta and the Gulf of Mexico demonstrate, it also requires the effective restraint of environmental damage.
The downstream part of the decision chain is about harnessing revenues for sustainable growth. Resource revenues need to be treated distinctively: they come from the depletion of a natural asset and should be substantially offset by the accumulation of other assets. The only European model of prudent use of resource revenues is Norway, but the Norwegian model is inapplicable for Africa. Norway has more invested capital per member of the labour force than anywhere else on earth, whereas Africa has less. Hence, whereas it is appropriate for Norway to accumulate foreign financial assets, Africa needs to invest domestically
More here
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China's Economic Model, Fueled by Coal, Leads to Death and Destruction?

Liberals, including those who have seized control of the modern-day Democratic Party, often talk fondly about China and its economic model. But what they fail to recognize about the economic model employed by China is  that it is inherently unsustainable because of its current methods of energy generation. Oh, I know many watermelons (people who pretend to care about the environment just to advance their statist communist desires) like to talk about China's wind power, nuclear power, solar power, or hydro-electric power, but in reality, the majority of China's energy production comes from coal.

Energy production from coal production does not have to be environmentally damaging or harmful to those who work in the industry. In nations like the United States, where there are clear property rights and freedom of labor, workers are treated better, the environment is better protected, and businesses are free to produce as much coal safely as possible in order to maximize profits. For example, there are only about 30 people killed per year in coal mining in the United States, and the United States has embraced clean coal technology which does a much better job of controlling emissions. The United States has made the difficult transition from energy generation to sustainable energy generation, and only needs to continue and expand its efforts in oil drilling, coal mining, and nuclear technology in order to become the cleanest and safest energy producer in the world.

Sadly, environmentalists in America have a different agenda. In their noble desire to make the world a better place, they are putting in place policies in America which force it and other nations to obtain energy from nations around the world that are producing energy in destructive, deadly ways. Rather than encouraging the expansion of safe, natural, and efficient methods of energy generation such as oil, coal, and nuclear, they are forcing America and nations that could be buying energy from America to turn to nations like China for energy generation and resources. And the end result of these environmentalists policies is a world that is less safe, less secure, and were more people die.

China currently generates around two thirds of its electricity from coal-fired power stations, and is the process of dramatically expanding its coal-fired capacity in recent years with the introduction of 562 new coal-fired plants- in fact, an average of two new plants were being opened every week. China uses this coal-production to satisfy its own energy needs and also export energy to other nations.

To sustain it economic growth and growing energy needs through coal power, China is paying a heavy price. Thousands of people die every year in coal pits, premature deaths due to indoor air pollution is at 420,000 per year, deaths due to outdoor air pollution is estimated at around 300,000 deaths per year, and rural populations in particular are suffering from a range of diseases related to coal production, including arsenic poisoning, skeletal fluorosis (over 10 million people afflicted in China), esophageal and lung cancers, and selenium poisoning. A report by the World Bank in cooperation with the Chinese government found that about 750,000 people die prematurely in China each year from air pollution.

China's economic model, which people like the head of the SEIU say should be the future of the United States, is unsustainable and killing its own people. It's model emphasizes state control of people and businesses and the de-humanizing of both. It is a model which stands in marked contrast to the economic model of the historical United States, a model which emphasizes little state control, more liberty given to people to make free economic choices, and strong individual and business property rights, and is a model that embraces the humanity of life. We can see the difference in the two models when we look at China's coal mining industry and electric power generation, and see the difference in the contrasting visions.

Elections have consequences- in the coming elections for US President, Senator, Representative, or even at the local level, ask yourself whether the candidate you support has a vision of the future that pushes for more state control over people's lives or less state control. Those who push for more state control will boast of the economic growth in nations like China- while ignoring the enormous cost in terms of human life and damage to the environment. Those who push for less state control over people's lives will point to the United States, which in contrast to those with state control have much better records on life, liberty, and wealth creation- although not perfect, because man is not perfect.

And for readers of my blog around the world, this applies to you as well- although China's economy is growing, there is a real cost to humanity for their growth, and in the end its statist economy will collapse like the Soviet Union's did. Only economic models that give more power to people and more freedom to individuals and more rights to businesses and corporations and individuals are successful in creating wealth in a sustainable manner while protecting life and liberty. You have a real choice to make in your nation too- state control for short term unequally distributed wealth, or less state control for longer term more equal distribution of life, liberty, and property.

For those who are interested in reading more about China and its coal production methods and coal-powered economy, I suggest you check out an article called China’s Dark Power.

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Growth but no Jobs

In Think Africa amidst all the hoopla around "African growth". James Schneider writing from the recently concluded WEF conference states:
Photo courtesy of Think Africa
Governments across the continent need to do more than formulate policies towards labour absorption. African economies face a much greater difficulty, which from time to time emerged during WEF. As Charles Dan (Africa Director of the International Labour Organisation) stated, “growth is not creating jobs or reducing poverty”. This is because African economies are, in general, too focused on extractive industries. Their prosperity is often tied to demand from China and elsewhere. If these patterns of investment shift, economic growth will slide backwards without much of a firm, endogenous and sustainable footing to support it. Governments will be accused of not fixing the roof when the sun was shinning. Then real instability will reign.
More here

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Poverty reduction: Sustainable job growth


K.Y. Amoako commented on the need for sustainable job growth in Africa "...The creation of decent jobs that can be performed by poor people is the single most effective way to reduce poverty in Africa,' said...According to ECA, some 8 million jobs must be created each year to satisfy the growing number of job seekers..."

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Electoral systems and institutions; Political asset or liabilities?

From Pambazuka, The Kenyan Section of the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ Kenya) and the Konrad Adenaur Foundation invite contributions to be published in a Special Issue on Electoral Systems Reform in Sub Saharan Africa:

It is increasingly becoming a trend in Africa, that, whilst elections are supposed to anchor and ensure sustainable growth in democracies, in countries such as Kenya and Zimbabwe, elections have become a liability. Instead of institutionalising democracy, they have fueled political instability. Consequently, the essential question is: to what extend do electoral systems and institutions in Sub Saharan Africa turn into political assets and / or liabilities?

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Microfinance or Enterprises?

Niranjan Rajadhyaksha asks at Livemint "What is the solution to poverty?":

Many have asked why Bangladesh continues to be mired in terrible poverty when it has such a large microfinance sector. The good ol’ basics matter more — property rights, open markets, human capital, innovation etc.
A new policy research paper, Who Gets Credit?, published by the World Bank shows that economies benefit more when money is lent to firms rather than households. India is one of the 45 countries the economists have covered in their study.
Quoting Milford Bateman
The East Asian countries managed to develop brilliantly through channelling much, if not most, of their savings into serious growth-oriented sustainable business projects. This is why many East Asian countries may have started at similar GDP levels as Bangladesh in the 1970s but have since massively outpaced Bangladesh in terms of growth and development. Economics 101 shows conclusively how critical savings are to development, but only if intermediated into growth and productivity enhancing projects. If it goes into rickshaws, kisoks, chicken farms, traders and so on, then the country simply will not develop and sustainably reduce poverty...[continue reading]
via World is Green

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Remittance Inefficiencies

A paper by Uche Nworah on the Nigerian Diaspora highlights amongst other things, inefficiencies in the allocation of remittance revenues. "...the issue of foreign remittances back to Africa has become a subject of interest in the international community. According to a recent report (Migrations and Development) by the International Development Select Committee (UK), over $300 Billion was sent from developed to developing countries in 2003 by diasporas living in the developed countries. Global remittance, the report maintains is growing faster than official development assistance from the developed countries, also global remittance is the second largest source of external funding for developing countries, behind Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and also accounts for as much as 27% of the GDP for some African countries. The report also says that global remittance accounts for 5% of GDP in Nigeria, this figure is predicted to increase in the coming years. A U.S government official recently claimed that Nigerian diasporas remit back to Nigeria the sum of $12 billion annually, while other sources claim that Nigerians send a total of $3Billion annually through the official channels of the Western Union and other financial institutions. While there appears to be different conflicting figures with regards to the exact amount of such capital outflows or global remittances back to Africa and Nigeria in particular, the fact remains that it is a phenomenon that is on the increase and also one that is good for the continent, sadly though, such remittances have not been channeled effectively by the recipients to areas that will yield long term benefits and sustainable growth..."
Via Global Politician

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Charitable ignorance: The reality of aid

Samantha Spooner writes in the Daily Nation:

The critics of the aid industry have focused heavily on aid accountability on both the part of the donors and the beneficiaries, and on concerns over whether aid breeds poverty and is therefore not conducive to long-term sustainable growth.
While these analyses are both valid and widely recognised there is another insight into the potential inefficiency of the aid business which sheds light on an anthropological, more localised critique: Sometimes aid attempts to solve problems which are either created or misunderstood...[continue reading]
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Building Technology Villages-AproTech Ghana

In the spirit of various initiatives that focus on indigenous self-sustaining DIY philosophy's.We spotlight The Appropriate Technology Centre (‘the Centre’) a brainchild of Kofi Sam covered earlier. The centre's recently proclaimed manifesto makes a number of observations and contentions:
Uncle Joe's roofing sheet fabrication facility
At first glance,there’s nothing extraordinary about the shed sitting next to Uncle Joe’s mud brick home in the coastal Ghanaian village of Atabadze.Inside there’s a certain familiarity about the clutter – tools propped up against stacks of roofing sheets and machinery – the kind of organized chaos you’d find in tool sheds and workshops anywhere in the world. But the sheer ordinariness of it of all belies the fact that this is the birthplace of a remarkable and important technology.Those roofing sheets – Uncle Joe made them,out of local river sand,using only his own ingenuity and the electric vibrating table in the corner – he made that too.
Uncle Joe is an innovator.He has brought his community something they never had before:a roofing material that is both sturdy and affordable.Before his intervention,his neighbours had a hugely unsatisfactory choice between using expensive,often imported, manufactured materials, or local unprocessed thatch, at a fraction of the price,but at the cost of durability;there was no middle ground.But Uncle Joe was not so sure this was necessarily a matter of ‘either or’; why couldn’t there be an alternative that was both manufactured and local, he wondered.
So he set about answering his own question,experimenting with local environmental inputs and different manufacturing processes.And through his efforts he developed a process to produce roofing sheets from river sand – a sturdy,high quality product The poor need opportunities to generate income and work themselves out of poverty manufactured from a sustainable local resource. To produce these sheets,Uncle Joe even had to build his own electric vibrating table,a vital piece of machinery that blends the sand with a small quantity of cement (added as fixative),enabling the mixture to set.All in all,an unlikely triumph of innovation considering the poor infrastructure and extremely limited availability of capital and manufacturing know-­‐how in his rural locality.
Uncle Joe is a prime example of the creativity and dynamism that are blossoming in Africa; one of the manyindividuals and communities championing innovative technologies that,by mobilising local resources to provide essential goods and services,and create income generation opportunities for the poor,can deliver sustainable and equitable ‘grassroots’development across the continent.And yet his story also illustrates the uphill task they face.
For all the originality of his idea and his dedication to implementing it,Uncle Joe cannot currently make ends meet manufacturing tiles – he simply cannot afford to hire the labour he needs to produce viable volumes.Without capital,his operation will not reach a level at which the technology can really impact the livesof the poor.
In conclusion
For the global development community (donors,NGOs,etc) Uncle Joe’s story is one of opportunity: it highlights an opportunity forthem to create the opportunities the rural poor need to work their way out of poverty.To date the governmental and multilateral institutions with the resources and clout to change the lives of those living in poverty have favoured...To make meaningful inroads into poverty reduction in Africa,the development community must foster the growth of robust local industries that mobilise the continent’s substantial environmental resources to meet local needs and create opportunities.Technologies like Uncle Joe’s manufacturing process are the foundation on which such industries are built,and donors should support their development,whether by investing in the entrepreneurs pushing innovative local solutionsor by providing the tools and training rural communities can use to unlock the developmental potential in their local environment.
More here

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Bloomfield Hills Schools adopts Leftist Curriculum

From Frank Beckmann's column, edited somewhat by me "Sustainable curriculum teaches kids to envy success":

The latest school to start a curriculum called "Sustainability Education" will be Eastover Elementary School in Bloomfield Hills. This curriculum takes existing lessons and slants them with a union and environmental agenda, for example promoting boycots of corporations and workers rights movements. Suggested resources include Zero Population Growth materials to promote lower birth rates.

Of course, even though this curriculum was adopted in one of Detroit's wealthiest suburbs and home to numerous Big 3 auto executives through the years, not a single school board member suggested that the wealth of Bloomfield Hills was unfairly created and not one cited any inequities that they were immediately willing to correct by surrendering their own lofty status in one of America's most well-to-do communities

The Bloomfield Hills school board unanimously approved the change back in May. Eastover Principal Jami Wood told the board that Sustainability Education will "support our students' learning as well as our own." Huh?? Teachers learning along with the fifth-graders rather than giving instruction? Wood issued a handout which said the new curriculum "prepares students to create a healthy environment, a fair economy, and an equitable society," whatever such non-specific rhetoric is supposed to mean.

Not a word of protest was uttered during the proposal's presentation. We'll let China and India worry about producing more engineers and highly skilled workers to gobble up high-paying jobs in the future. We'll let Eastover and other schools train their students to protest that success and complain about the unfairness of it all.

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Foreign Aid will not Make Poverty History

Alex O. Awiti a fellow at the Earth Institute writes:

Entrepreneurs can catalyse sustainable economic growth by identifying market opportunities and business models that meet the needs of underserved communities in emerging economies. In essence, entrepreneurs can be true allies in poverty alleviation through market solutions, employment and wealth creation as opposed to aid and subsidies. Proponents of foreign aid often think of poverty as a technical problem they can solve using a universal blueprint or Big Plan and huge dollars in financing. If it were that simple poverty would be history. Efforts to alleviate poverty must recognise that poverty is a complex labyrinth of social, institutional, political, historical, geographical and technological factors.

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The African Leadership Initiative

"...After decades of centralized “command and control,” government leaders espouse market-led economic growth and community empowerment without a clear understanding of the changes this likely requires in their roles and behavior. After years of operating as what many in their own lands considered “pariahs” and “profiteers,” business leaders are unfamiliar with emerging norms of public-private cooperation and corporate social responsibility. And, eternal advocates for change, civil society leaders often lack a clear understanding of the need for business and government alike to satisfy multiple stakeholders in order to create truly sustainable prosperity and peace. For there to be progress, the next generation of leaders in all three sectors must come together:
• to identify and address their personal strengths and weaknesses as leaders,
• to understand the challenges they face as participants in a rapidly globalizing society,
• to share and refine their respective visions of the society they would like to live in, and
• to lead by example in building this society.
It is for these reasons that The Africa Leadership Initiative has been conceived..."

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Aid vs Trade

Andrew Rugasira writes in the FT:

Has any nation ever developed by way of handouts? The British industrial revolution for example, was fuelled by home grown technological breakthroughs that defined Britain as a truly modern society.
Pro-aid campaigners argue that providing aid to accountable governments is a means of stimulating their economies. This is nonsense. Giving aid to poor countries and working exclusively through their government agencies makes accountability worse rather than better.
Africa's only viable and sustainable strategy for economic growth is one based on trade and not aid.

via PSD Blog

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Private Sector Foundation Uganda

The aims of the Private Sector Foundation Uganda, are "...To promote private sector influence for business growth and competitiveness through policy advocacy and capacity building in a sustainable manner...To strengthen private sector capacity for effective policy advocacy and market competitiveness..."

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CBO's Latest Predictions on Obama Budgest- $9.8 trillion More in Debt Over Next Decade

According to the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office (CBO), President Obama's latest budget plans would generate deficits over the upcoming decade that would total $9.8 trillion. That's $1.2 trillion more than predicted by the administration, and doesn't take into account that recent CBO estimates of Obama's budget plans have been underestimated the deficits.

Barack Obama, a Democrat, in his first year of office (2009) submitted a budget to the Democrats who run America's Congress that added another eye-popping $1.75 trillion to the federal debt. That is the highest ever in dollar terms, and amounts to a 12.3 percent share of the economy - the largest since 1945. He is now prepared to follow that with more eye-popping deficit budgets that will add another minimum of $9.8 trillion to the debt, especially if Obama is a two-term President (8 years).

Under the president's budget, debt held by the public would grow from US$7.5 trillion (53 percent of GDP) at the end of 2009 to US$20.3 trillion (90 percent of GDP) at the end of 2020,” CBO said. This level has not been seen since World War Two, and is not sustainable.

Interest on the debt would become one of the largest spending categories in the federal budget, and would more than quadruple in the next 10 years, rising from US$209 billion this year to US$916 billion in 2020. This debt would increasingly be held by foreign investors, such as China, who currently hold $7.5 trillion in debt but at the end of Obama's two-terms would hold $20.3 trillion in American debt.

Obama has repeatedly said that he inherited a financial mess from his Republican predecessor President George W. Bush and had to step up government spending immediately after taking office to fight the worst U.S. recession in decades. He has indeed done so, dramatically increasing federal spending (CBO estimates that showed a record US$3.8 trillion in spending in fiscal 2011). He also says that he will fight these deficits that he is increasing by increasing taxes and fees, arguing that taxing more of the wealth from Americans will revive the economy and lead to higher government revenues and thus lower deficits.

Obama is wrong- raising taxes will lead to falling revenues, more government programs will stagnate growth, the federal government debt will be a toxic drag on the economy, increased government spending will create more inefficiencies in the marketplace, and his trade policies will lead to falling exports and rising costs of imports. Obama and the Democrats in Congress are wrong for America.

Information and data for this story came from this source.

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